By Lynn Ramey (W&M Contributor)

Known for his tragedies, Jean Racine (1639-1699) wrote a single comedy, Les Plaideurs (The Litigants). The play tells the story of lovers thwarted by their parents, inevitably to be reconciled in the end after having tricked the older generation into seeing the folly of opposing their children. In the culminating act, the father, a judge, must rule on the case of a dog, who is accused of stealing and eating a chicken. The puppies come before the judge, and their “attorney” speaks in their voice, asking the judge to spare the dog so that the pups can avoid the orphanage. The judge nonetheless condemns the dog to hang, but his conscience is pricked by the pleas of the puppies, making way for the marriage of the young lovers.
The ridiculous appearance of a dog in court, accompanied by puppies who upset the judge by crying and peeing all over the courtroom floor, was the comic highpoint of Racine’s play, but animals in court were a very real phenomenon in France from the 13th to the 18th centuries. The most common offenders seemed to be domesticated pigs who killed small children. In 1606, a female dog was killed and burned alongside a M. Guyart for having had illicit relations, as determined by the dog’s testimony. Such trials are found in records dating from 824 (against French moles) up to 1906, when a Swiss dog was condemned to death for his part in a robbery resulting in death (the men involved were sentenced to life in prison).
The definitive book on the subject remains E.P. Evans’s The Criminal Prosecution and Capital Punishment of Animals (London, 1951). While it is hard to imagine imputing criminal intent to the mind of animals, it was somewhat unnerving to come home to find that my own dog had taken this book, and only this book, off my bookshelf to tear apart.


I’m a sportswriter who spent 20 years telling readers of Sports Illustrated, Golf Magazine and other magazines about Tiger, Phil and the rest of today’s top golfers. But the guy who really intrigued me never played on the PGA Tour. Titanic Thompson, who may have been the best golfer of his generation, gambled on his own, motoring from town to town from the Roaring Twenties to the 1970s, betting on golf, poker, dice, pool, horseshoes and games of his own invention. He killed five men, married five women and blazed a trail through the 20th Century.
1. In March 1864, Abraham Lincoln marked the third anniversary of his inauguration by watching Edwin Booth, John Wilkes Booth’s older brother, perform Shakespeare at the National Theatre in Washington, D.C. Lincoln was joined by the First Lady, members of his Cabinet and the Diplomatic Corps for six nights of gala performances by Edwin celebrating the inaugural anniversary.
On May 18, 1927 a madman forever changed a small Michigan town. That day, in horrific conflagration of dynamite and blood, Andrew Kehoe set off a cache of explosives concealed in the basement of the local school, killing 38 children and six adults. In an instant, what was to have been a happy last day of school before summer vacation turned into a whirlwind of epic horror. Among the dead was Kehoe, who literally blew himself to bits by setting off a concealed dynamite charge in his car. The next day, on Kehoe’s farm, the remains of his wife was found tied to a hand cart, her skull crushed. At the edge of the farm was a sign reading: Criminals Are Made, Not Born.
For over three centuries, up to the early 1700s, there were witch-hunts in Britain. Only in researching Corrag did I truly learn of the immense cruelty with which women – mostly elderly, out-spoken, intelligent or gifted – were treated. From pricking with pins to find ‘the witch’s mark’, to torture, to execution by fire, water or the noose, the suffering was unimaginable. Furthermore, accusations of witchcraft were often based on the smallest coincidence, even a lie. Few were safe; suspicion was rife.
In September 1841, a respected New York City printer named Samuel Adams showed up at the office of John Colt, a brilliant 


















